Mechanical Processing Procedures
For mechanical processing process specifications, technicians determine the process to be used based on the quantity of products, equipment conditions, and worker quality, and write the relevant content into process documents. This document is called a process specification.
In order to facilitate the preparation, execution and production organization management of process procedures, the process needs to be divided into units at different levels. They are processes, installations, work stations, work steps and tool passes. The process is the basic unit in the process.
The machining process of parts consists of several processes.
Process:
The part of the process in which a worker (or a group of workers) continuously completes one (or several) workpieces at a worksite (or a machine tool) is called a process. The basis for dividing processes is whether the work location changes and whether the work process is continuous.
For example: when processing a batch of shafts on a lathe, each shaft can be roughed and finished continuously, or the entire batch of shafts can be roughed first and then finished one after another.
In the first case, the processing consists of only one process; in the second case, due to the interruption of the continuity of the machining process, although the processing is performed on the same machine tool, it becomes two processes.
The process is the basic unit of the technological process and the basic unit of the production plan.
Install:
In the machining process, the process of making the workpiece occupy a correct position and be clamped on the machine tool or in the fixture is called clamping. Sometimes, the workpiece needs to be clamped multiple times on the machine tool to complete the work content of one process. Installation refers to the part of the process that is completed after the workpiece is clamped once.
For example, when processing a shaft on a lathe, first machine part of the surface from one end, then turn around and machine the other end. The process at this time includes two installations.
Station:
When using an indexing (or shifting) fixture, a rotary table, or processing on a multi-axis machine tool, after the workpiece is clamped once on the machine tool, it has to go through thousands of positions for processing in sequence. Each position occupied by the workpiece on the machine tool The part of the process completed at the position is called the work station
Simply put, the part of the process completed by each processing position occupied by the workpiece relative to the machine tool or tool is called a station.
Work steps:
Under the condition that the machined surface, cutting tool, cutting speed and feed amount remain unchanged, the part of the process that is completed continuously is called a work step. It is also often called "feed" in production.
In order to improve productivity, several cutting tools are used to process at the same time, and several working steps for processing the surface are called compound working steps, which can also be regarded as one working step.
Cutting edge:
The part of the machining step completed by the machining tool on the machining surface is called tool pass.
For example, if the metal layer to be removed from shaft parts is very thick, it needs to be cut several times. At this time, each cutting is called a tool pass. Therefore, under the premise that the cutting speed and feed amount remain unchanged, the tool completes one feed movement, which is called one tool pass.
